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EUROPE Leaders from the European Union’s 27 member states agreed in Lisbon Oct. 19 on a new reform treaty that would revive the defeated European Constitution. It calls for the creation of an EU presidency with a 30-month term, which would come into effect in January 2009. The treaty needs to be ratified by all member states’ parliaments.POLAND The Civic Platform party defeated the incumbent Law and Justice party in elections, paving the way for policies friendlier to the EU. Prime Minister Jaroslaw Kaczynski, a controversial right-wing figure seen to have isolated the country in Europe, conceded defeat Oct. 21. The Platform’s Donald Tusk will likely take over his post, the Guardian reported. Kaczynski’s twin brother, Lech, does not face elections until 2010.RUSSIA Former Soviet Union leader Mikhail Gorbachev founded a new political party Oct. 19, according to the BBC. According to Gorbachev, the Union of Social-Democrats party aims to fight against corruption in Russia and support President Vladimir Putin’s plans to reform the country.UK Following the lead of Norway and the Netherlands, the UK will donate $204 million (4 billion Kč) to the United Nations Population Fund to decrease the risk of women dying in childbirth and increase maternal health, the government announced Oct. 19. A woman’s lifetime risk of dying during childbirth is one in 26 in Africa, according to The New York Times.SWITZERLAND Despite its controversial campaign, the right-wing Swiss People’s Party (SVP) won the most votes in an Oct. 22 general election, the BBC reported. The SVP, already the largest Swiss political party, is criticized by its opponents for propagating racist immigration policies.UK Britain’s Foreign Office announced Oct. 18 that the country will try to extend its Antarctic territory by 896,000 square miles, according to a Reuters report. Argentina is also looking to take a piece of what some say is the last major carve-up of maritime territory. The United Nations deadline for claims is May 13, 2009.
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